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The People Republic of China (PRC) has increasingly adopted a combination of diplomatic, intelligence, military, and dual-use infrastructure like Roads, Dams, Railway lines and Border defence villages (Xiaokang) to protect and advance its national interests. Instead of relying only on the traditional military power, China uses a mix of hybrid warfare and Gray-zone tactics to influence the decisions of other countries while avoiding direct armed conflict. Under the leadership of Xi Jinping, these approaches have become an important part of China’s foreign and security policy, allowing the country to expand its strategic influence in different regions.